22^nd World Hematology Congress

Thalassemia

Thalassemia known to be an inherited blood disorder which is capable of forming abnormal haemoglobin synthesis. It is suspected to be a genetic disorder inherited by parents, this of two types alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia this cannot synthesis beta globin, as well thalassemia intermedia which is less severe, the severity depends on no of genes that have been missing Symptoms may vary depending upon the type from mild to severe anaemia, this can lead to tired, pale skin, enlargement of spleen, bone deformities, delayed growth and development and sometimes dark urine in children. Diagnosis include firstly the complete blood count and also genetic tests along with haemoglobin testing. Treatment may vary from the degree of severity and the therapy may include iron chelation, blood transfusions. Iron chelation can be done through deferoxamine, in case of iron overload from transfusions osteoporosis can be a result and spleen become enlarged which needs a surgical removal in emergency.

Initially for detecting the blood disorders bone marrow biopsy will be carried out which involves the study of cytogenetics and surface proteins on bone marrow cells and this study process referred to be flow cytometry. Treating of blood disorder may vary for every particular disorder, this can include use of coagulation factor support, immune modulating therapies, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation palliative care must be taken for the patients with complex disorder. Antithrombic are the class of drugs that works in preventing coagulation of blood which can be used in haemodialysis. in preventive measure for life threatening pulmonary emboli cases interventional radiologists implant vena cava filter by the help of ionizing radiation. Generally, through physical examinations, medical reports are used to detect the disorders by physicians to initiate the best therapy.

• Hemochromatosis.
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
• Malaise.
• Bone marrow transplantation.
• Blood transfusion.