20^th World Hematology Congress March 14-15, 2022 London, UK

Biography:

Ethan Gantana graduated as a medical doctor (MBChB) from Stellenbosch University in 2015 and is currently a registrar in the division of Haematological Pathology. He has a special interest in digital pathology. Ethan and Zivanai Chapanduka conceptualised and designed this study, participated in the experimental phase and wrote the draft protocol and manuscript. All the authors participated in the experimental phase of the study and review of the manuscript. Ethan coordinated all aspects of the conduct of the study.

 

Abstract:

Aim: To compare the frequently used CD138 immunohistochemistry- based method of plasma cell quantitation, to a proposed new method, using interobserver and intraobserver concordance parameters.

Methods: Archival CD138 immunohistochemically stained slides made from paraffin- embedded bone marrow biopsies of 33 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of multiple myeloma were used. Light microscopic examination was performed using low magnification lenses (10×) for both the overview estimation method (method A) and the new method (method B), and high magnification lenses (50×), for method B only. For method B, reviewers selected three areas with low, intermediate and high plasma cell densities using 10× lenses. Using a well- defined technique, the 50× lens was then used to count plasma cells as a percentage of all nucleated cells. After blinded relabelling of all the slides, the nine reviewers repeated the plasma cell quantitation using both methods. The plasma cell counts were obtained, and the review times were recorded.

Results: Overall intraobserver concordance was comparable for method A (concordance correlation coefficient (CCC)=0.840) and method B (CCC=0.733). Interobserver concordance for method A (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.793 and 0.713) and method B (ICC=0.657 and 0.658) indicated high similarity between reviewers. Method A showed poor interobserver concordance (ICC=0.105) at low plasma cell densities.

Conclusions: The new method is comparable to the frequently used overview estimation method in terms of intraobserver and interobserver concordance, and cost. The new method has superior interobserver concordance at low plasma cell densities. The new method appears more amenable to digital scanning and analysis.

Recent Publications

1. Abdullah, I., Subramony, N., Musekwa, E., Nell, E., Alzanad, F., Chetty, C., Gantana, E., Lohlun, R., Cerfontein, W., Cochrane, B. and Chapanduka, Z., 2021. Indications and diagnostic value of bone marrow examination in HIV-positive individuals: A 3-year review at Tygerberg Hospital. Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases, 36(1).

Biography:

Abdulrahman Theyab is from Security Forces Hospital, Saudi Arabia. His research interest includes Hematology, Cancers

 

Abstract:

Over the past 20 years, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has driven the attention of researchers as a therapeutic agent for curing patients suffering from neutropenia. Despite the successful use of G-CSF, it currently requires daily injections, which are inconvenient, expensive, and distressing for children. Therefore, an alternative strategy for using G-CSF for treatment is needed. Understanding the G-CSF structure, expression, mechanism of action, and how it induces neutrophils mobilization is crucial to producing promising cancer therapy. The ability of G-CSF to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into the blood circulation was consequently exploited and altered the practice of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This is the motivation for the current review, which sheds light on the history of G-CSF and then focuses on the mechanism of action upon binding to its receptor (G-CSFR) and how that had led to the stimulation of neutrophils mobilization. The findings of this review show new insight into the mechanism of G-CSF that induces neutrophils mobilization. Thus, Understanding the G-CSF will provide a more effective treatment for all neutropenia patients.